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Home > Country Trading Profiles > Canada > Labour market

COUNTRY TRADING PROFILES

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Labour market

The active population in figures | Working conditions | Cost of labor | Social partners

The active population in figures


2009201020112012 (e)2013 (e)
Labor force -18,590,000---
Rate of activity (%) -67.8---
Unemployment rate (%) 8.38.07.67.77.2

Source: CIA - The world factbook ; UN - United Nations ; World Bank

 

Note: (e) Estimated data

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Working conditions

Legal weekly duration
40 or 48 hours according to the province
Retirement age
In Canada, the labor laws do not specify the age of retirement for workers, except in the case of certain professions such as the military, judges and firemen.
Working contracts
Work contracts are governed by law. Collective agreements and individual negotiation supplement it.
The formalities of the work contract, hiring conditions and dismissal constraints are rigid.

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Cost of labor

Minimum wage
The minimum wage in Quebec is 8.20 CAD/hour, and 8.25 CAD for the clothing industry and 7.25 CAD for workers who receive tips. In Ontario, the minimum wage is 8.75 CAD. In British Columbia 6 CAD/hour for a first job and 8 CAD for a 2nd job.
Average wage
CAD 38,998 per year.
Social contributions
Social security contributions paid by employers: Employment insurance EI (1.4% up to 584 USD in Quebec and 720 USD for the other provinces), Health insurance RAMQ (2.7%), Canada Pension Plan CPP - QPP (4.95%), Quebec Parental Insurance Plan RQAP (0.583% for the employer).
The rate of health insurance varies according to the province.
Social security contributions paid by employees: Employment insurance EI (1.46% up to 584 USD in Quebec and 720 USD for the other provinces), Canada Pension Plan CPP - QPP (4.95%), Quebec Parental Insurance Plan RQAP (0.416%)
The rate of health insurance varies according to the province.

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Social partners

Social dialogue and involvement of social partners
The labour organizations and trade unions are very strong and well structured in Canada. Quebec is the most unionized province.
Unions
FTQ - Quebec workers federation
CSN - Canada national federation of labour organizations and trade unions
CLC-CTC - Canadian Labour Congress
NUPGE - National Union of Public and General Employees
TCA-CAW - Canada Automobile Workers Union
CUPE - Canadian Union of Public Employees
Unionization rate
22.9 % of part-time workers, 31.2% of full-time workers, 30.2 % of permanent workers, 25.8 % of non-permanent workers. These rates have dropped in companies of less than 20 employees and in those of 100 to 500 employees. On the other hand, they have risen in establishments of more than 500 employees and those of 20 to 99 employees.
Labor regulation bodies
Human Resources and Social Development Canada

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Last updates: February 2012

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